PetroChina provides $1 billion oil pre-payment facility to PetroEcuador (Linked to Project ID#36358)

According to an oil pre-payment facility agreement (also known as a presale agreement) signed on July 27, 2009 by PetroChina and PetroEcuador, PetroChina agreed to purchase 69 million barrels over two years at a rate of approximately 95,000 barrels per day (bpd). The price for each shipment of crude oil was to be determined by the prevailing market price. Under the agreement, the Government of Ecuador received an advance payment of $1 billion from PetroChina in early August 2009. The loan’s maturity was 2 years and its annual interest rate was 7.25%. PetroEcuador announced at the time of the signing of the agreement that PetroChina would discount approximately 28% of the cost of each barrel exported as payment on the advance, in effect leaving PetroEcuador and the Government of Ecuador 72% of the value of exports to PetroChina. This agreement was renewed in 2011 at a lower interest rate (as captured via Project ID#36358). Then, in July 2017, the Office of the Comptroller General headed by Dr. Pablo Celi announced pursuant to Acuerdo 024-CG-2017 its intention to conduct a ‘Special Audit’, as authorized by Ecuadorian law to examine acts of public entities. The Special Audit examined the sources and uses of various financings, and whether those financings were completed in accordance with the relevant applicable laws, regulations and policies. The Office of the Comptroller General in the CGR Audit Report conclude concluded that certain rules that defined the Government of Ecuador’s methodology to calculate public debt were replaced with laws and regulations that allowed for discretion in the application and use of certain concepts related to public debt and, specifically, that the amounts of advance payments pursuant to certain commercial agreements providing for the advance payment of a portion of the purchase price of future oil deliveries should have been categorized as public debt and included in the calculation of the public debt to GDP ratio. The CGR Audit Report also set forth some conclusions and recommendations regarding certain interinstitutional agreements between the Ministry of Economy and Finance and Petroecuador, and found deficiencies in the filing of debt documentation. On April 9, 2018, during the presentation of the CGR Audit Report to the public, the Office of the Comptroller General announced that the Special Audit resulted in indications of: (i) administrative liability of certain public officials, which may lead to the dismissal of those officials; (ii) civil liability of certain current or former public officials, which may lead to fines if those officials acted in breach of their duties; and (iii) criminal liability of certain former or current public officials. Civil and administrative indications of liability are reviewed by the Office of the Comptroller General. If the Office of the Comptroller General finds that such former or current officials acted in breach of their duties, it will issue a resolution determining civil and/or administrative liability. A final resolution from the Office of the Comptroller General may be appealed to the district administrative courts. In April 2018, the Office of the Comptroller General delivered to the Office of the Prosecutor General a report regarding the indications of criminal liability of certain former or current public officials. Based on that report, the Office of the Prosecutor General initiated a preliminary criminal investigation against former President Correa, three former Ministers of Finance and another seven former or current public officials of the Ministry of Economy and Finance.

Additional details

1. The 2009 prepayment facility agreement (Contrato-No-2009433) between PetroChina and PetroEcuador can be accessed in its entirety via https://www.dropbox.com/s/7dyvl02vzzyp6js/Contrato-No-2009433.pdf?dl=0. An amended version of the prepayment facility agreement (Amendment No. 2010067), dated February 5, 2010, can be accessed in its entirety via https://www.dropbox.com/s/m30g55xjip0uj9a/5%20February%202010%20Amended%20Oil%20Prepayment%20Agreement%20Number%202009433.pdf?dl=0. Another amended version of the prepayment facility agreement, dated January 28, 2011, can be accessed in its entirety via https://www.dropbox.com/s/gfl6z608d9abalf/CONTRATO_PRINCIPAL_2011048.pdf?dl=0. 2. A loan amortization table an be accessed on pg. 4 of https://www.dropbox.com/s/m30g55xjip0uj9a/5%20February%202010%20Amended%20Oil%20Prepayment%20Agreement%20Number%202009433.pdf?dl=0. 3. A pre-export finance (PXF) facility is an arrangement in which a commodity producer gets up-front cash from a customer in return for a promise to repay the customer with that commodity (possibly at a discount) in the future. PXF funds may be advanced by a lender or syndicate of lenders to a commodity producer to assist the company in meeting either its working capital needs (for example, to cover the purchase of raw materials and costs associated with processing, storage and transport) or its capital investment needs (for example, investment in plant and machinery and other elements of infrastructure). PXF facilities are usually secured by (1) an assignment of rights by the producer under an ‘offtake contract’ (i.e., a sale and purchase contract between the producer and a buyer of that producer of goods or commodities), and (2) a collection account charge over a bank account into which proceeds due to the producer from the buyer of the goods or commodities under the offtake contract are credited. There are two key documents in prepayment finance transactions: a contract providing for the advance payment by the offtaker to the producer for the purchase of goods/commodities (the 'Prepayment Contract'), and a loan agreement between a lender and the offtaker (the 'Offtaker Loan Agreement') under which the advance payment is financed.

Number of official sources

5

Number of total sources

38